{"id":3019,"date":"2019-05-06T09:49:18","date_gmt":"2019-05-06T06:19:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/test\/0-to-100-network-cable-fluctuation-tests\/"},"modified":"2026-02-28T08:35:02","modified_gmt":"2026-02-28T05:05:02","slug":"0-to-100-network-cable-fluctuation-tests","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/0-to-100-network-cable-fluctuation-tests\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0627 \u06f1\u06f0\u06f0\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647!"},"content":{"rendered":"<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0622\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u06a9\u0645\u067e\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0639\u0638\u06cc\u0645<span dir=\"LTR\"> Danaher <\/span>\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0646\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0632 \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0648 \u0641\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a<span dir=\"LTR\"> .<\/span>\u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f1\u06f9\u06f4\u06f8 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u062f\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0627\u0642\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u0648\u06cc\u062f \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0633 \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0647\u0644\u0648\u062a \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u062a<span dir=\"LTR\"> Hewlett-Packard <\/span>\u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06af\u0630\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u062c\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0627 \u06f1\u06f0\u06f0 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647! \u0645\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 <a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluke.com\/en-us\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9<\/a> \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u06cc <span dir=\"LTR\">DTX <\/span> \u0648 <span dir=\"LTR\"> DSX<\/span>\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u062a\u0633\u062a \u0635\u062d\u062a \u0648 \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0641\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><a style=\"color: #ff6600;\" href=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/product-category\/network-equipment\/passive\/keystone\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> \u06a9\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/a><\/span>\u060c <span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><a style=\"color: #ff6600;\" href=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/product-category\/network-equipment\/passive\/patch-panel\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u067e\u0686 \u067e\u0646\u0644<\/a><\/span>\u060c <span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><a style=\"color: #ff6600;\" href=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/product-category\/network-equipment\/passive\/patch-cord\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u067e\u0686 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/a><\/span>.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0698 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u06cc\u0627 \u0636\u0639\u06cc\u0641 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0632 \u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0634 \u0641\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062e\u0645\u0634 \u06a9\u0634\u0634 \u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0648 \u06cc\u06a9\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0686\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0648 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span dir=\"LTR\">Permenant link<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0686 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u067e\u0686 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3020  aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/permenant-link-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"358\" height=\"358\" srcset=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/permenant-link-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/permenant-link-300x300-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/permenant-link-300x300-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 358px) 100vw, 358px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li dir=\"RTL\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span dir=\"LTR\">Channel test<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0635\u0628 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0631 \u0648 \u0646\u06af\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3021 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/channel-mode-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/channel-mode-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/channel-mode-300x300-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/channel-mode-300x300-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/h3>\n<h3 dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/h3>\n<h3 dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/network-cable-speed-and-terminology\/\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u060c \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627! \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc \u0622\u06cc \u062a\u06cc \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f!<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/h3>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 ez-toc-wrap-right counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter-rtl ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/0-to-100-network-cable-fluctuation-tests\/#%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%87_%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C\" >\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc :<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/0-to-100-network-cable-fluctuation-tests\/#%D9%86%D8%B1%D8%AE_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%B9%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1_Nominal_Velocity_of_Propagation_10MHzPDelay\" >\u0646\u0631\u062e \u0627\u0633\u0645\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 Nominal Velocity of Propagation (10MHzPDelay)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/0-to-100-network-cable-fluctuation-tests\/#%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%AC%D9%87_%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%81%D9%84%D9%88%DA%A9_%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87\" >\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647! :<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/0-to-100-network-cable-fluctuation-tests\/#%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%A8_%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%8C\" >\u0639\u06cc\u0628 \u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc :<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/0-to-100-network-cable-fluctuation-tests\/#%D8%AE%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%88_%D8%AF%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84_%D8%A2%D9%86_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%81%D9%84%D9%88%DA%A9_%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87\" >\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647! :<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/0-to-100-network-cable-fluctuation-tests\/#%D8%AE%D8%B7%D8%A7_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%81%D9%84%D9%88%DA%A9_%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87\" >\u062e\u0637\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647! :<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/0-to-100-network-cable-fluctuation-tests\/#%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D8%A7_%DB%B1%DB%B0%DB%B0_%D8%A2%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%B4_%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%81%D9%84%D9%88%DA%A9_%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87\" >\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0627 \u06f1\u06f0\u06f0 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647!<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/0-to-100-network-cable-fluctuation-tests\/#NEXT_Near-End_Crosstalk\" >NEXT (Near-End Crosstalk)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/0-to-100-network-cable-fluctuation-tests\/#attenuation-to-crosstalk_ratio_ACR_or_headroom\" >attenuation-to-crosstalk ratio (ACR) or headroom<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3 dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%87_%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc :<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li dir=\"RTL\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span dir=\"LTR\">Propagation Delay<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u062a\u0627\u062e\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u062a \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u0628\u062f. \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f <span dir=\"LTR\">nanoseconds (nS)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3022 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/propagation-delay-300x72.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"72\" \/><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u062a\u0627\u062e\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f (\u06f1\u06f0\u06f0 \u0645\u062a\u0631) \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u067e\u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc\u0634\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f <span dir=\"LTR\">CSMA\/CD <\/span> \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u062d\u062f \u062f\u0686\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3023 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/10MHzPDelay-300x125.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"125\" \/><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%86%D8%B1%D8%AE_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%B9%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1_Nominal_Velocity_of_Propagation_10MHzPDelay\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0646\u0631\u062e \u0627\u0633\u0645\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 <span dir=\"LTR\">Nominal Velocity of Propagation (10MHzPDelay)<\/span> <\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span dir=\"LTR\">NVP<\/span><\/strong> \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a <span dir=\"LTR\">\u06f7\u06f2%, or 0.72c<\/span> \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f. \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc<span dir=\"LTR\">NVP <\/span> \u0628\u06cc\u0646 <span dir=\"LTR\">\u06f0\u066b\u06f6c to 0.9c<\/span> \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3024 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/nvp-268x300.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"268\" height=\"300\" \/><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%AC%D9%87_%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%81%D9%84%D9%88%DA%A9_%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647! :<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u062e\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u06a9\u0634\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u062e\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0627 \u06f5\u06f7\u06f0 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0634 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u062e\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633 <span dir=\"LTR\">)<\/span>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 ) <span dir=\"LTR\">Delay Skew <\/span> \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u06f1\u06f0\u06f0 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u06f5\u06f0 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0628\u062f\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u06a9\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f. <span dir=\"LTR\">Delay Skew <\/span> \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0634\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%A8_%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%8C\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0639\u06cc\u0628 \u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc :<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0627 \u06f2\u06f5 \u062f\u0631\u0635\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u0627 \u06f1\u06f2\u06f5 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u067e\u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc\u0634\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0642\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u06a9\u0634\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0648 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u067e\u0627 \u06af\u0630\u0627\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span dir=\"LTR\">Length<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f. \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0627\u062e\u06cc\u0631<span dir=\"LTR\">(Propagation Delay)<\/span> \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 <span dir=\"LTR\">\u06f1\u06f0 MHz<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633<span dir=\"LTR\">\u06f1\u06f0MHz <\/span> \u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0634\u062a \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u062a<span dir=\"LTR\">NVP <\/span> \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%AE%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%88_%D8%AF%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84_%D8%A2%D9%86_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%81%D9%84%D9%88%DA%A9_%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647! :<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a: <\/strong>\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u06cc\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0632\u0648\u062c \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f: <\/strong>\u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0632\u062e\u0645\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u06a9\u062a \u0648 \u06a9\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0646\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span dir=\"LTR\">Wire Map <\/span><\/strong> : \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0648 \u0635\u062d\u062a \u0648 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0648 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%AE%D8%B7%D8%A7_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%81%D9%84%D9%88%DA%A9_%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u062e\u0637\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647! :<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644.<\/span><\/li>\n<li dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0686 \u067e\u0646\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u0646\u0686 \u0646\u0634\u062f\u0647.<\/span><\/li>\n<li dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u067e\u0686 \u067e\u0646\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646.<\/span><\/li>\n<li dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0647 :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0648\u06a9\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u067e\u0686 \u067e\u0646\u0644 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647.<\/span><\/li>\n<li dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0686 \u067e\u0646\u0644 \u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u06a9\u062a.<\/span><\/li>\n<li dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0645.<\/span><\/li>\n<li dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u062f\u0646\u062f.<\/span><\/li>\n<li dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 <span dir=\"LTR\">\u06f5\u06f6\u06f8A \u06f5\u06f6\u06f8B<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span dir=\"LTR\">Dc loop Resistance<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0644\u0648\u067e \u062f\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/span><\/li>\n<li dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/span><\/li>\n<li dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/span><\/li>\n<li dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062a<span dir=\"LTR\">wire map <\/span> \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u062f\u062f.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647! \u0631\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3025 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/dc-loop-resistance-300x170.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"170\" \/><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0632\u0648\u062c \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0646\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062c\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0647\u0645 \u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0647\u0631 \u0686\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0645\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span dir=\"LTR\">Delay Skew<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u062f\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u06cc\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0639\u0636\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0646\u0633\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3026 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/delay-skew-300x143.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"143\" \/><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u062d\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u062c \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06af\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0631\u0648 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0631 \u06f4 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 <span dir=\"LTR\">Delay skew <\/span> \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u067e\u06a9\u062a \u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0627 \u0646\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u067e\u06a9\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u067e \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u06a9\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0648 \u067e\u0647\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0634\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3027 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/delay-skew-2-300x125.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"125\" \/><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 <span dir=\"LTR\">Delay Skew <\/span> \u0646\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u06f5\u06f0 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9 \u0628\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u06f1\u06f0\u06f0 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0647\u0631\u0686\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a <a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.irmikro.com\/\">.<\/a> \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u06f2\u06f5 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span dir=\"LTR\">Insertion Loos<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0648 \u0647\u0631\u0686\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3028 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/insertion-loss-300x86.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"86\" \/><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u062e\u0627\u0635\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9 \u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0686\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062f. \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631\u0686\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3029 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/insertion-loss-1-300x170.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"170\" \/><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0647\u0631\u0686\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0632\u06a9 \u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u062a \u067e\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0634\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u06a9\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u067e\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0634\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u062a \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0622\u0628 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u062a \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0622\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0634 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0634\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0634 \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u062f\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span dir=\"LTR\">Return loss<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u06af\u0634\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0645\u067e\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u0622\u06cc\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06a9\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u067e\u0633 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3030 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/return-loss-300x170.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"170\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0642\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0648\u06a9\u0634 \u0628\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 :<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3031 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/return-loss-1-300x209.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"209\" \/><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D8%A7_%DB%B1%DB%B0%DB%B0_%D8%A2%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%B4_%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%81%D9%84%D9%88%DA%A9_%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0627 \u06f1\u06f0\u06f0 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647!<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h4 dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"NEXT_Near-End_Crosstalk\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span dir=\"LTR\">NEXT (Near-End Crosstalk)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u06af\u0634\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u06af\u0648\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0631 \u0686\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06cc\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0647\u0631 \u0686\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062f \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u067e\u0647\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3033 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/NEXT-1-300x170.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"170\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u06a9\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0637 \u0631\u0648 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0622\u0646 \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0645.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3032 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/saranmarket.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/NEXT-300x86.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"86\" \/><\/p>\n<h4 dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"attenuation-to-crosstalk_ratio_ACR_or_headroom\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span dir=\"LTR\">attenuation-to-crosstalk ratio (ACR) or headroom<\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0627 \u06f1\u06f0\u06f0 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647!<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631\u0686\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 (<span dir=\"LTR\">Signal attenuation<\/span>) \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0648 \u0641\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 <span dir=\"LTR\">NEXT <\/span> \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0641\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647<span dir=\"LTR\">crosstalk <\/span> \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0637 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0644<span dir=\"LTR\">\u06f7dB <\/span> \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0622\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u06a9\u0645\u067e\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0639\u0638\u06cc\u0645 Danaher \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0646\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0632 \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[115,78],"tags":[130,131,132],"class_list":["post-3019","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-115","category-78","tag-130","tag-131","tag-132"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v27.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0627 \u06f1\u06f0\u06f0\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647!<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0627 100 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